Smart cards can be either contact or contactless smart card?

A smart card, chip card, or integrated circuit card (ICC) is any pocket-sized card that has embedded integrated circuits.Smart cards are made of plastic, generally polyvinyl chloride, but sometimes polyethylene terephthalate based polyesters, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene or a has manufactured reusable financial smart cards made from paper.

Smart cards can be either contact or contactless smart card. Smart cards can provide personal identification, authentication, data storage, and application processing.within large organizations.

The LRI2K is operating in 13.56MHz frequency and with 2048-bit electrically erasable programmable memory (EEPROM). The memory is organized as 64 blocks of 32 bits.

The LRI2K is accessed through 13.56 MHz carrier electromagnetic wave on what incoming data are demodulated from your received signal amplitude modulation (ASK: amplitude shift keying). The received ASK wave is 10% or 100% modulated having a data rate of just one.6 Kbit/s while using the 1/256 pulse coding mode or possibly a data rate of 26 Kbit/s while using the 1/4 pulse coding mode.
Outgoing data originate from the LRI2K load variation using Manchester coding with one or two subcarrier frequencies at 423 kHz and 484 kHz. Data are transferred in the LRI2K at 6.6 Kbit/s in low data rate mode and 26 Kbit/s fast data rate mode. The LRI2K supports 53 Kbit/s in high data rate mode with one subcarrier frequency at 423 kHz.

The LRI2K follows the ISO 15693 recommendation for radio-frequency power and signal interface.

A second card type is the contactless smart card, in which the card communicates with and is powered by the reader through RF induction technology (at data rates of 106–848 kbit/s). These cards require only proximity to an antenna to communicate. Like smart cards with contacts, contactless cards do not have an internal power source. Instead, they use an inductor to capture some of the incident radio-frequency interrogation signal, rectify it, and use it to power the card's electronics.

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